Peru is one of the most fascinating destinations in South America, recognized worldwide for its cultural, historical, gastronomic, and natural richness. From the Pacific coast to the Andes Mountains and the Amazon rainforest, the country offers unique experiences for every type of traveler.
1. General Information about Peru
Official name: Republic of Peru
Capital: Lima
Official language: Spanish (Quechua and Aymara are also spoken in several regions)
Official currency: Peruvian Sol (PEN / S/)
Country code: +51
Time zone: GMT -5
Electricity: 220V – type A and C plugs
Approximate population: 34 million inhabitants
2. Currency and payment methods
Currency: Peruvian Sol (S/.)
Common banknotes: S/10, S/20, S/50, S/100, S/200
Coins: S/1, S/2, S/5 and cents
Recommendations:
• Carry cash for markets, communities, and rural areas.
• Cards are accepted in hotels, restaurants, and large stores.
• Currency exchange for dollars and euros is available at banks and exchange houses.
• Avoid exchanging money on the street.
3. Required documentation
Depending on the country of origin:
• Valid passport (minimum 6 months recommended).
• Some countries may enter using only an identity document (e.g., several South American countries).
• Check visa requirements according to nationality.
• Travel insurance is recommended.
4. Climate and best time to travel
Coast
• Lima: capital of Peru, the country’s gastronomic, cultural, and historical center.
• Paracas: Ballestas Islands and Paracas National Reserve.
• Ica: Huacachina, vineyards, and desert adventure.
• Nazca: Nazca Lines and archaeological heritage.
Highlands
• Cusco: former capital of the Inca Empire and the main gateway to Machu Picchu.
• Machu Picchu: one of the New Seven Wonders of the World.
• Sacred Valley of the Incas.
• Arequipa: colonial architecture and volcanoes.
• Puno: Andean culture and Lake Titicaca.
Jungle
• Puerto Maldonado: Amazon biodiversity.
• Iquitos: gateway to the Peruvian Amazon.
• Tambopata National Reserve.
4.1 Key Destinations and Recommendations for Travelers
Lima – Gastronomic and Cultural Capital
Altitude: 154 meters above sea level
Climate: mild and humid; sunnier between December and April.
Must-see attractions: Historic Center, Miraflores, Barranco, Magic Water Circuit, Larco Museum.
Gastronomy: Ceviche, Lomo Saltado, Pisco Sour.
Tips for travelers:
• Ideal to spend 1 to 2 days to explore the main attractions.
• Bring a light jacket; nights can be cool.
• Use app-based taxis or formal transportation.
Cusco – Historical Capital of the Inca Empire
Altitude: 3,399 meters above sea level
Climate: cold at night; sunny days during the dry season.
Must-see attractions: Plaza de Armas, Sacsayhuamán, Sacred Valley of the Incas, Machu Picchu, Vinicunca, Humantay Lake.
Tips for travelers:
• Reserve the first day to acclimatize to the altitude.
• Drink plenty of water and try coca tea.
• Bring sunscreen: the sun is very intense even on cold days.
• Book Machu Picchu tickets 3 monts in advance.
Arequipa – The White City
Altitude: 2,335 meters above sea level
Climate: dry and sunny most of the year.
Must-see attractions: Santa Catalina Monastery, Plaza de Armas, Yanahuara Viewpoint, Colca Canyon.
Gastronomy: Rocoto Relleno, Chupe de Camarones, Adobo Arequipeño.
Tips for travelers:
• Bring a hat and sunscreen.
• Ideal to stay 2 to 3 days to include Colca Canyon.
• Nights can be cold.
Puno – Living Culture and Lake Titicaca
Altitude: 3,827 meters above sea level
Climate: cold, especially at night.
Must-see attractions: Lake Titicaca, Uros Floating Islands, Taquile Island, Amantaní Island, Sillustani.
Highlighted experiences: community-based tourism with local communities.
Tips for travelers:
• The altitude is higher than Cusco; acclimatize properly.
• Bring thermal clothing for mornings and nights.
• Ideal to spend 1 to 2 nights to enjoy the lake
5. Tourist Regions of Peru
Coast
• Lima: culture, gastronomy, and history.
• Paracas: Ballestas Islands.
• Ica: Huacachina and vineyards.
• Nazca: Nazca Lines.
Highlands
• Cusco: historical capital of the Incas.
• Machu Picchu: wonder of the world.
• Sacred Valley of the Incas.
• Arequipa: White City.
• Puno: Lake Titicaca.
Jungle
• Puerto Maldonado.
• Iquitos.
• Tambopata National Reserve.
6. Main Tourist Routes
Classic Route (7–10 days)
Lima → Cusco → Sacred Valley of the Incas → Machu Picchu → Puno → Arequipa
Adventure Route (5–7 days)
Cusco → Humantay Lake → Vinicunca → Machu Picchu
Cultural Route (6–8 days)
Lima → Cusco → Sacred Valley of the Incas → Maras & Moray → Machu Picchu
Nature Route (5–7 days)
Lima → Paracas → Huacachina → Puerto Maldonado
7. Transportation in Peru
Air
• Recommended for long distances.
• Main domestic airlines available.
Land
• Comfortable and affordable interprovincial buses.
• Private tourist services available.
Train
• Mainly used to reach Machu Picchu.
• Book in advance.
8. Peruvian Gastronomy
Recommended dishes:
• Ceviche
• Lomo Saltado
• Ají de Gallina
• Causa Limeña
• Pachamanca
• Cuy (in the highlands)
Drinks:
• Pisco Sour
• Chicha Morada
• Coca Tea
9. Health and Medical Recommendations
• Drink bottled water.
• In Cusco, rest on the first day due to the altitude.
• Coca tea helps with acclimatization.
• Bring sunscreen and insect repellent.
• Medical insurance is recommended.
10. Safety for Tourists
• Keep valuables secure.
• Avoid isolated areas at night.
• Use official taxis or transportation apps.
• Keep digital copies of your documents.
11. What to Pack
• Passport/documents
• Light clothing and warm clothing (layers)
• Comfortable shoes
• Rain jacket
• Sunscreen
• Personal medications
• Power adapter
12. Culture and Customs
• Friendly greetings and respect for local customs.
• Ask for permission before photographing people.
• Tips are optional but appreciated.
• Respect archaeological sites and nature.
13. Useful Phrases in Spanish
• Hello / Good morning
• How much does it cost?
• Thank you
• Where is…?
• I need help
14. Why Travel with Viajes Pachacutec?
• Personalized attention.
• Local tour operator specialized in Peru.
• Assistance before, during, and after the trip.
• Safe and well-organized tours.
• Certified professional guides.
15. Approximate Costs for Tourists
Food
• Budget breakfast: S/10 – S/25
• Tourist menu lunch: S/20 – S/50
• Dinner at a mid-range restaurant: S/30 – S/80
• Premium restaurant: from S/100 per person
Urban Transportation
• Short taxi ride in the city: S/8 – S/20
• Taxi from the airport (depending on the city): S/30 – S/70
• Transportation apps available in Lima and Cusco.
Reference Tourist Entrance Fees
• Machu Picchu: depending on the circuit and nationality (check availability and updated prices)
• Cusco Tourist Ticket: includes several attractions
• Humantay Lake / Vinicunca: depending on the tour operator
• Ballestas Islands / Colca Canyon / Lake Titicaca: check according to the season
Note: Prices may vary depending on the season and type of service.
16. Cultural Tips and Important Information
Tips
• They are not mandatory, but they are appreciated.
• Restaurants: 5% to 10% if the service was good.
• Guides and drivers: voluntary tip.
Common Schedules
• Breakfast: 7:00 – 10:00
• Lunch: 12:30 – 15:00
• Dinner: 19:00 – 22:00
• Shops: 9:00 – 21:00 (approx.)
Important Holidays
• New Year (January 1)
• Holy Week (variable date)
• Independence Day (July 28 and 29)
• Christmas (December 25)
• Inti Raymi (June 24) – high season
Local Culture
• Punctuality is important on tours.
• Greeting others is always appreciated.
• Respect archaeological sites and local communities.
17. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Do I need a visa to enter Peru?
It depends on your nationality. Many countries in the Americas and Europe do not require a visa for short-term tourism.
Is it safe to travel in Peru?
Yes, especially if you travel with an organized tour and follow basic safety recommendations.
Can I drink tap water?
It is recommended to drink bottled water.
How can I avoid altitude sickness?
Rest on the first day, stay well hydrated, and avoid heavy meals.
How far in advance should I book Machu Picchu?
Ideally 1 to 3 months in advance, especially during high season.
Are credit cards accepted everywhere?
No. Carry cash for markets, small towns, and tips.
What is the best time to visit Peru?
It depends on the region, but between April and October is usually ideal for the highlands.
18. Pre-Trip Checklist
30 days before your trip
• Check the validity of your passport or identity document.
• Confirm your flight, hotel, and tour reservations.
• Book Machu Picchu tickets and train tickets in advance if applicable.
• Purchase international travel insurance.
• Check the estimated weather of your destinations to pack appropriately.
• Ask your bank about using your cards abroad.
7 days before your trip
• Organize your luggage according to your itinerary (coast, highlands, or jungle).
• Download important documents to your phone: vouchers, passport, tickets, and contacts.
• Inform your bank about your trip to avoid card blocks.
• Exchange an initial amount of money into Peruvian soles.
• Check flight and transfer schedules.
• Save the emergency contacts of Viajes Pachacutec.
1 day before your trip
• Check your travel documents again.
• Prepare a carry-on backpack with the essentials: water, documents, charger, medications, and a light jacket.
• Get plenty of rest, especially if you are traveling to high-altitude areas such as Cusco or Puno.
• Confirm your pick-up or transfer time with your travel advisor.
• Activate adventure mode and get ready to enjoy Peru!
Discover Peru with Viajes Pachacutec and enjoy an unforgettable experience!https://viajespachacutec.com/es/nosotros/
